Philosophiae naturalis principia mathematica

Newton's Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy, published in Latin in 1687, sets out the three laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation, then uses them to derive the motion of the planets, the moon, the tides and comets from a single set of causes. Written in the geometric style of classical proof rather than the calculus Newton had invented, it is the book that made celestial and terrestrial motion one subject and established the shape of physics for the next two centuries.